NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 4 Environment Chapter 4 A Tale of Three Villages

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 4 Chapter 4 A Tale of Three Villages are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 4 Chapter 4 A Tale of Three Villages.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 10
Subject	English Main Course Book
Chapter	Unit 4 Chapter 4
Chapter Name	A Tale of Three Villages
Category	NCERT Solutions

CBSE Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 4 Environment Chapter 4 A Tale of Three Villages

TEXTUAL EXERCISES

Question 1.
Now that you have each read one of the stories above, first complete the appropriate column of the table below. When you have done that, ask the other two students in your group about the stories you have not read. For example, ask “In which country did your story take place ? What type of pollution is there ?” When it is your turn to give information, only do so when the other two students ask you questions. As you receive the answer, complete the other two columns.
Answer:

	D.1	D.2	D.3
Country	Nigeria	India	Ukraine
Cause(s) of pollution	poisonous chemicals in drums	tanneries	explosion in Chernobyl nuclear power station
Who is responsible ?	factories in Italy	leather factory owners	government; maintenance engineers
Consequences	13 people died	soil pollution ; crops cannot grow; nearest fuel 10 km away	many deaths; mass evacuation; barren fields no bird activity
What do you think should be done to solve the problem ?	—stop developed countries from dumping poisonous chemicals into developing countries in the name of export. —resettle the people from Koko Village elsewhere.	tanneries required to treat dangerous chemicals before discharge into the streams, tanneries to instal devices to purify smoke at the source before spewing out into the atmosphere	stop using nuclear power

Question 2.
Work in groups of three, and answer the following questions :

Koko Village, Nigeria

Why do you think there are “three large, empty metal drums” outside Mr. Nana’s front door ?
Why do you think the drums were sent from Italy to Nigeria ?
What do you think was in the brown paper bag that the Chief received ?
Why are the drums referred to as “the mountain of death” ?

Answer:

Perhaps Mr. Nana brought them there, planning to use them for some domestic purposes or his children rolled them there.
The drums were sent from Italy to Nigeria because it is easier dumping chemical in Nigeria than in Italy. Secondly, because, perhaps, the factory owners were not allowed to dump them there in Italy.
It was money.
They are referred to as “the mountain of death” because they are piled on top of each other very high-like a mountain. They are a sure and definite source of causing death.

Ponnimanthuri Village, India

Vijayasama and the narrator both refer many times to “they”. Who do you think “they” are ?
Why do you think the women of the village have to walk 10 km everyday ?
Why does Vijayasama say: “We don’t buy leather shoes or leather handbags or leather clothes” ?

Answer:

They are the factory owners.
The women of the village have to walk 10 km everyday to find wood for fuel and/or get clean drinking water.
Vijayasama says it because the villagers do not at all benefit from having the tanneries nearby. They (the villagers) are poor and cannot afford to buy leather shoes, leather handbags or leather clothes. Perhaps, they don’t need them at all seeing the poor and miserable life they lead.

Vorobyov Village, Ukraine

Why do you think Natasha’s three children died ?
Where do you think Natasha lives now ?
What do you think is going to happen to Natasha very soon ? Why ?

Answer:

Natasha’s three children died because of radiation poisoning.
She now lives in Moscow.
Natasha is going to die soon.
She is poisoned by radiation.

Question 3.
Still working in groups of three, find any ten “happy” words and ten “unhappy” words from the passages you have just read. First, copy and complete the table below :

Note : Students to select 10 words, as asked for.

	“happy” words	“unhappy” words
Koko village, Nigeria	picturesque, colourful stream, playful, smiling, brightest	skull and crossbones symbol, corroded, slimy… leaking out, badly, fallen down, smoking, swelling, bursting, mad, poisonous, frowning, troubled, died, pain, terrible pain, deaths, sick
Ponnimanthuri Village, India	green, good, jobs, rich, grow, rivers	wistfully, monsters, spluttered, anger, ominous- looking, black, shroud, thick, black, smoke, silent, chemicals, arsenic, discharged polluting, poison dumped, ulcers, sores, tailed off
Vorobyov Village, Ukraine	birthday, lovely, warm, played, laughing, chewed, neighed	explosion, worry, white smoke, nervously, tears slid, pinched, pale, radioactive dust, vomit, hair fell out, thin, sores, died, broke down, cried, buried, ghost, barren

Now give reasons why you have classified them as “happy” and “unhappy” words.

Answer:

This activity is meant to be done at class level.

‘Happy’ and ‘unhappy’ words are mainly due to their corresponding situations. The same thing occurs here.

Question 4.
The Ecological Footprint

The situation is not hopeless. There are lots of things we can do to reduce our impact on the planet ! Fill in the worksheet given below to measure your ecological footprint.

My Ecological Footprint
Worksheet : Measure Your Impact

Answer:

Activity	Resource(s)	Low	Usage Medium & High
Brushing my teeth	Water	1
Having a bath	Water, soap, shampoo		2
Commuting to school	Bus, car			3
Watching Television	T.V.			3
Visiting Friends	Public transport, car		2
Using computer	Computer, electricity		2
Using Fans/Air conditioners/Coolers	equipment, electricity			3
Cooking	L.P.G., electricity			3
Entertainment	T.V., cinema		2
Subtotals (add up each column and write the subtotals in the boxes)		1	8	12
Total Score (add all the subtotals)	21

Score : 21 (beginning of the stage Dumping Dinosaur)

The above Table has been filled as desired. Rating is : Dumping Dinosaur Besides this, another new table in answer to question 1 under Instructions has also been given.

Resource(s)	Usage
Resource(s)	Low	Medium	High
1. Water, soap, shampoo towel, underwear etc.	—	2	—
2. transport like bus, car, auto, van using petrol, operators resulting in wear and tear	—	—	—
3. television, cable connection T.V. sky (DTH) with technology manpower etc.		2
4. transport used with associated resources	—	2	—
5. Computer, Internet (all associated technology)	—	2	—
6. Fans/ACs/coolers + electricity, water (resources used in generating electricity, cables transmission etc.)	—	—	3
7. Fuel in the form of LPG, electricity utensils, raw food, vegetables etc.	—	—	3
8. Cinema, T.V., sky-T.V., playing, visiting Zoos, Parks, tourist destinations, clubs discotheques etc + manpower coupled with infrastructure, electricity, gadgets etc.	—	—	3
9.	2	10	9
10.	21

Score : 21 (beginning of the stage Dumping Dinosaur)

Question 5.
How could you improve your score ?
How could you improve your score ? Also reflect on the ways in which the waste produced in carrying out some of the activities above is disposed of

My Ecological Footprint
Worksheet: How could you improve your score ?

What changes could you make in your daily activities at school and at home to improve your score ? Use the table below to write down ways of using less energy, less water and making less waste.

Use Less Energy	Use Less Water	Make Less Waste
Turn off the light when there is no one in the classroom or bedroom (a)	Don’t leave the water running when brushing (b)	Put the rubbish in the recycling bins (c)

Answer:

Use Less Energy	Use Less Water	Make Less Waste
Turn off the light when there is no one in the classroom or bedroom (a) — using public transport instead of personal one — using computer only when it is necessary — using energy saving utensils like pressure cooker — using TV for less time	Don’t leave the water running when brushing (b) — using water necessary for cooking — taking a bath in showers — no car wash, only dry-cleaning with one bucket — water harvesting — using showers for watering the plants if grown in kitchen garden — kitchen waste water to be used for irrigating plants in flower pots etc.	Put the rubbish in the recycling bins (c) — using cyclable material only — no use of plastic bags — using shopping bags made of jute or cloth — old clothes, shoes etc,to be donated

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